Temple of Artemis on the island of Corfu was a peripteral building, one of the largest of its time, with a width of 22.41 m  and length 47.9 m facing in an eastward orientation so that light could enter the interior of the temple at sunrise. Its colonnade consisted of eight columns on both the front and back of the building, and seventeen columns on the flanks. The temple cella was 9.4 m wide and 34.4 m long, and was subdivided in three spaces by a double colonnades consisting of ten columns each. The limestone-pediment is probably the oldest of any ancient Greek temple. The central figure in the pediment is that of the Gorgon Medusa in the Knielauf ("kneeling-running") position between two panthers. This Doric temple was thought to be the first one exclusively built of stone.

The temple was first discovered by soldiers of French General François-Xavier Donzelot as they were digging  trenches during the Napoleonic Wars. Excavation of the temple site was conducted by the Greek archaeologist Federiko Versakis on behalf of the Greek Archaeological Society and the German archaeologist Wilhelm Dörpfeld on behalf of the German Archaeological Institute. The pediment reconstruction is exhibited in the Archaeological Museum of Corfu.